Ridofranz/iStock/Getty Images
Prospective investors are often confronted with lots of financial jargon, with some terms carrying similar names and confusing definitions. These investors must understand the difference between various types of investment return rates. These rates include the dividend rate, the annual percentage rate (APR) and the annual percentage yield (APY). Each of these terms involve the rate of return on investments, but they also serve to define the function of different investment instruments.
Dividend Rate Calculations
The dividend rate of an investment can be derived by multiplying the typical dividend payments by the number of dividend periods in a calendar year, plus any extra dividends. The dividend rate measures the amount of dividends an investor would receive on that stock during that year. A related calculation, the dividend yield, is the total amount of dividends divided by the stock price. The dividend yield shows how much of a stock's value is distributed to stockholders in dividends.
Dividend Rate Examples
If, for example, a stock valued at $42.50 per share delivers dividends of $1 per share each quarter, with a special $0.25 dividend per share at the end of the fiscal year. The dividend rate for the stock is (1 x 4) + 0.25, or $4.25. The dividend yield can be calculated as the dividend rate divided by the stock price. In this example, the dividend yield is $4.25/$42.50, or 10 percent.
APR and APY
Bank customers will also encounter two similar terms, APR and APY. APR stands for annual percentage rate. This interest rate reflects the rate that borrowers pay the bank on car loans, credit cards, mortgages and other credit instruments. APY stands for annual percentage yield. This rate shows what investors can earn on bank-based financial instruments, such as savings accounts, certificates of deposit and money market accounts. Although APR and APY are tied to the prime lending rate, they are not typically the same rate.
APR and APY Examples
The APY determines the rate of return on interest-bearing accounts. An investor who puts $25,000 into a money market with an APY of 0.60 percent can expect an approximate annual return of (25,000 x 0.6)/100, or $150. The APR shows how much interest a borrower must pay on a loan. A borrower with a $24,000 car loan to be paid over 48 months at a 2.5 percent APR can expect to pay $500 in principal and $25.94 in interest each month.
References (7)
- BusinessNewsDaily: What is APR?
- Accounting Explained: Dividend Yield Ratio
- Deposits.org: APY
- Forbes: Cash Dividend Payout Ratio: a More Rigorous Test of Dividend Staying Power
- Seeking Alpha: Important Metrics For Dividend Growth Investors
- Bank of Internet USA: APY Interest Calculator
- Bankrate: Auto Calculator
Photo Credits
- Ridofranz/iStock/Getty Images
About the Author
Living in Houston, Gerald Hanks has been a writer since 2008. He has contributed to several special-interest national publications. Before starting his writing career, Gerald was a web programmer and database developer for 12 years.